Oracle 12C實現(xiàn)跨網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)庫詳解

2024-08-29 14:00:13

字體：大中小

供稿：網(wǎng)友

前言

跨網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)庫，可以通過使用network_link參數(shù)來執(zhí)行導(dǎo)入操作，導(dǎo)入操作將使用數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈路，不需要生成dump文件。

操作步驟如下:

1、在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建鏈接到源數(shù)據(jù)庫的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路。執(zhí)行導(dǎo)入操作的用戶必須要有datapump_imp_full_database權(quán)限，并且連接到源數(shù)據(jù)庫的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路也必須連接到一個有datapump_exp_full_database角色的用戶。在源數(shù)據(jù)庫中用戶不能有sysdba管理權(quán)限。

2、在源數(shù)據(jù)庫上將所有用戶表空間置為只讀模式

3、將源數(shù)據(jù)庫中所有用戶表空間相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)文件傳輸?shù)侥繕藬?shù)據(jù)庫。如果源平臺與目標平臺的字節(jié)編碼不同，那么查詢v$transportable_platform視圖來進行查看。并且將可以使用以下一種方法來轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)文件：
.使用dbms_file_transfer包中的get_file或put_file過程來傳輸數(shù)據(jù)文件。這些過程會自動將數(shù)據(jù)文件的字節(jié)編碼轉(zhuǎn)換為目標平臺的字節(jié)編碼。

.使用rman的convert命令來將數(shù)據(jù)文件的字節(jié)編碼轉(zhuǎn)換為目標平臺的字節(jié)編碼。

4、在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫上執(zhí)行導(dǎo)入操作。使用Data Pump工具來導(dǎo)入所有用戶表空間的元數(shù)據(jù)與管理表空間的元數(shù)據(jù)與真實數(shù)據(jù)。

確保以下參數(shù)正確設(shè)置:

.transportable=always.transport_datafiles=list_of_datafiles.full=y.network_link=database_link.version=12

如果源數(shù)據(jù)庫為11.2.0.3或11g之后的版本，那么必須設(shè)置version=12。如果源數(shù)據(jù)庫與目標數(shù)據(jù)庫都是oracle/251410.html">12c，那么version參數(shù)不用設(shè)置。

如果源數(shù)據(jù)庫包含任何加密表空間或表空間包含加密列，那么你必須指定encryption_pwd_prompt=yes或指定encryption_password參數(shù)。

Data Pump跨網(wǎng)絡(luò)導(dǎo)入將會復(fù)制所有用戶表空間所存儲對象的元數(shù)據(jù)與管理表空間中的元與用戶對象的真實數(shù)據(jù)。當(dāng)導(dǎo)入完成后，用戶表空間將會置于讀寫模式。

5、可選操作將源數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有用戶表空間置為讀寫模式。

下面的例子是將源數(shù)據(jù)庫jyrac傳輸?shù)侥繕藬?shù)據(jù)庫jypdb

1.在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫中以sys用戶來創(chuàng)建鏈接到源數(shù)據(jù)庫的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路。源數(shù)據(jù)庫中的用戶為jy

SQL> conn sys/xxzx7817600@jypdb as sysdbaConnected.SQL> create public database link jyrac_link 2  connect to jy identified by "jy" 3  using '(DESCRIPTION = 4   (ADDRESS_LIST = 5    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =10.138.130.153)(PORT = 1521)) 6   ) 7   (CONNECT_DATA = 8    (SERVER = DEDICATED) 9    (SERVICE_NAME =jyrac) 10   ) 11  )';Database link created.

2.在源數(shù)據(jù)庫上將所有用戶表空間置為只讀模式

SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;TABLESPACE_NAME    STATUS------------------------------ ---------SYSTEM       ONLINESYSAUX       ONLINEUNDOTBS1      ONLINETEMP       ONLINEUSERS       ONLINEUNDOTBS2      ONLINEEXAMPLE      ONLINETEST       ONLINE8 rows selected.SQL> alter tablespace test read only;Tablespace altered.SQL> alter tablespace users read only;Tablespace altered.SQL> alter tablespace example read only;Tablespace altered.SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;TABLESPACE_NAME    STATUS------------------------------ ---------SYSTEM       ONLINESYSAUX       ONLINEUNDOTBS1      ONLINETEMP       ONLINEUSERS       READ ONLYUNDOTBS2      ONLINEEXAMPLE      READ ONLYTEST       READ ONLY8 rows selected.

3.在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫中使用dbms_file_transfer包中的get_file過程將源數(shù)據(jù)庫中所有用戶表空間相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)文件傳輸?shù)侥繕藬?shù)據(jù)庫上

在源數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建目錄tts_datafile（存儲數(shù)據(jù)文件)

SQL> create or replace directory tts_datafile as '+datadg/jyrac/datafile/';Directory created.SQL> grant execute,read,write on directory tts_datafile to public;Grant succeeded.

在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建目錄tts_datafile（存儲數(shù)據(jù)文件)

SQL> create or replace directory tts_datafile as '+DATA/JY/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/DATAFILE/';Directory created.SQL> grant execute,read,write on directory tts_datafile to public;Grant succeeded.

在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫中執(zhí)行dbms_file_transfer.get_file過程將源數(shù)據(jù)庫中所有用戶表空間所相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)文件傳輸?shù)侥繕藬?shù)據(jù)庫中

SQL> exec dbms_file_transfer.get_file(source_directory_object =>'TTS_DATAFILE',source_file_name => 'test01.dbf',source_database =>'jyrac_link',destination_directory_object => 'TTS_DATAFILE',destination_file_name => 'test01.dbf');PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.SQL> exec dbms_file_transfer.get_file(source_directory_object =>'TTS_DATAFILE',source_file_name => 'example.260.930413057',source_database =>'jyrac_link',destination_directory_object => 'TTS_DATAFILE',destination_file_name => 'example01.dbf');PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.SQL> exec dbms_file_transfer.get_file(source_directory_object =>'TTS_DATAFILE',source_file_name => 'users.263.930413057',source_database =>'jyrac_link',destination_directory_object => 'TTS_DATAFILE',destination_file_name => 'users01.dbf');PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

ASMCMD [+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile] > ls -ltType  Redund Striped Time    Sys NameDATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 16:00:00 N users01.dbf => +DATA/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/DATAFILE/FILE_TRANSFER.298.945620417DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 16:00:00 N test01.dbf => +DATA/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/DATAFILE/FILE_TRANSFER.300.945620337DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 16:00:00 N example01.dbf => +DATA/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/DATAFILE/FILE_TRANSFER.299.945620391DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 16:00:00 Y FILE_TRANSFER.300.945620337DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 16:00:00 Y FILE_TRANSFER.299.945620391DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 16:00:00 Y FILE_TRANSFER.298.945620417DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 N testtb01.dbf => +DATA/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/DATAFILE/TESTTB.295.944828399DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 Y UNDO_2.277.939167063DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 Y UNDOTBS2.278.945029905DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 Y UNDOTBS1.273.939167015DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 Y TESTTB.295.944828399DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 Y SYSTEM.274.939167015DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JUN 02 00:00:00 Y SYSAUX.275.939167015

4.在目標數(shù)據(jù)庫上執(zhí)行導(dǎo)入操作。使用Data Pump工具來導(dǎo)入所有用戶表空間的元數(shù)據(jù)與管理表空間的元數(shù)據(jù)與真實數(shù)據(jù)。

[oracle@jytest1 tts]$ impdp system/xxzx7817600@JYPDB_175 full=y network_link=jyrac_link transportable=always transport_datafiles='+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile/test01.dbf','+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile/example01.dbf','+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile/users01.dbf' version=12 directory=TTS_DUMP_LOG logfile=import.logImport: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Jun 2 16:30:40 2017Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionStarting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01": system/********@JYPDB_175 full=y network_link=jyrac_link transportable=always transport_datafiles=+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile/test01.dbf,+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile/example01.dbf,+data/jy/4B2C6373AE2547CCE053AB828A0A7CA3/datafile/users01.dbf version=12 directory=TTS_DUMP_LOG logfile=import.logEstimate in progress using BLOCKS method...Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_FULL/FULL/PLUGTS_TABLESPACEProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_FULL/PLUGTS_BLKProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/EARLY_OPTIONS/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATAProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/NORMAL_OPTIONS/TABLE_DATAProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/NORMAL_OPTIONS/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA.......Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/DIMENSIONProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/END_PLUGTS_BLKProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/FINAL_POST_INSTANCE_IMPCALLOUT/MARKERProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLE/POST_INSTANCE/PROCACT_INSTANCEProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLE/POST_INSTANCE/PROCDEPOBJProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/POST_SCHEMA/PROCOBJProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/POST_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMAProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/AUDITProcessing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/POST_SYSTEM_IMPCALLOUT/MARKERORA-39082: Object type PROCEDURE:"APEX_030200"."F" created with compilation warningsORA-39082: Object type PROCEDURE:"APEX_030200"."APEX_ADMIN" created with compilation warningsORA-39082: Object type PROCEDURE:"APEX_030200"."HTMLDB_ADMIN" created with compilation warningsJob "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 1689 error(s) at Fri Jun 2 16:43:47 2017 elapsed 0 00:13:03

傳輸完成后我們抽查用戶jy的dba_tables表的數(shù)據(jù)在傳輸后是否與源數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)一致。

源數(shù)據(jù)庫

SQL> conn sys/xxzx7817600@jyrac as sysdbaConnected.SQL> select count(*) from jy.dba_tables; COUNT(*)----------  2141

目標數(shù)據(jù)庫

SQL> conn sys/xxzx7817600@jypdb as sysdbaConnected.SQL> select count(*) from jy.dba_tables; COUNT(*)----------  2141

查詢傳輸后用戶表空間的狀態(tài)是否為online，可以看到test,example,users表空間狀態(tài)為online

SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;TABLESPACE_NAME    STATUS------------------------------ ---------SYSTEM       ONLINESYSAUX       ONLINEUNDOTBS1      ONLINETEMP       ONLINEUNDO_2       ONLINEUSERS       ONLINETESTTB       ONLINETEMP2       ONLINETEMP3       ONLINEEXAMPLE      ONLINETEST       ONLINEUNDOTBS2      ONLINE12 rows selected.

5.將源數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有用戶表空間設(shè)置為讀寫模式

SQL> alter tablespace test read write;Tablespace altered.SQL> alter tablespace example read write;Tablespace altered.SQL> alter tablespace users read write;Tablespace altered.SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;TABLESPACE_NAME    STATUS------------------------------ ---------SYSTEM       ONLINESYSAUX       ONLINEUNDOTBS1      ONLINETEMP       ONLINEUSERS       ONLINEUNDOTBS2      ONLINEEXAMPLE      ONLINETEST       ONLINE8 rows selected.

到此通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)執(zhí)行完整數(shù)據(jù)庫傳輸?shù)牟僮骶屯瓿闪恕?/p>

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